For many years, people have been curious about how Charles Manson managed to persuade a group of young individuals to commit heinous crimes in his name. The motives behind his actions have been the subject of speculation. One of the most discussed theories is Manson’s desire to start a race war, which he referred to as “Helter Skelter.” However, director Errol Morris presented a different angle in his Netflix docuseries, CHAOS: The Manson Murders, released on March 7.
This docuseries is based on Tom O’Neill’s 2019 book and suggests that drugs like LSD, along with a secret CIA program called MK Ultra, might have influenced the notorious murders.
Morris highlighted the unusual nature of the Manson murders, posing a key question: How did Manson manage to convince his followers that killing was acceptable?
In the summer of 1969, Manson directed several of his followers to murder nine people, including Gary Hinman and actress Sharon Tate, along with several others.
Manson reportedly instigated followers like Bobby Beausoleil, Susan Atkins, and Patricia Krenwinkel to assist in these killings. Ultimately, Manson and several of his followers were found guilty of the murders. Though many received death sentences, these were later changed to life imprisonment after California’s Supreme Court overruled death sentences prior to 1972. Some followers, like Kasabian and Brunner, received immunity in exchange for their testimonies.
While several of Manson’s followers distanced themselves from him during their time in prison, a few remained loyal until his death in November 2017. As of now, two of Manson’s convicted followers have been granted parole.
Here’s a brief look at some of the individuals involved in the Manson family and their current situations:
Linda Kasabian: She was involved in the Tate and LaBianca murders, acting as a driver and lookout. She received immunity for her cooperation in court, where she testified about Manson’s influence. After experiencing personal challenges, Kasabian passed away in January 2023 at the age of 73.
Mary Brunner: Initially charged with murder, she later testified against other family members and was sentenced to 20 years to life for her involvement in a robbery scheme. Brunner was released in 1977 and has since lived a quiet life, reportedly in the Midwest.
Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme: Although not directly involved in the murders, she remained a devoted follower of Manson. In 1975, she attempted to shoot President Gerald Ford and received a life sentence for that. After her release on parole in 2009, she published a memoir.
Susan Atkins: Convicted for her part in the murders, she was sentenced to death, which was later converted to life imprisonment. During her time in prison, she became a born-again Christian and wrote an autobiography. She passed away from brain cancer in 2009.
Leslie Van Houten: Convicted for her role in the LaBianca murders, she spent decades in prison. After several trials and appeals, Van Houten was ultimately released in 2023 under parole supervision.
Patricia Krenwinkel: A key figure in both the Tate and LaBianca murders, Krenwinkel has been denied parole multiple times, with her most recent hearing delayed. She has maintained a positive prison record and earned a degree.
Charles "Tex" Watson: He was convicted for his role in the murders and has been denied parole numerous times. Watson has been involved in prison education programs and even became a minister.
Bobby Beausoleil: Convicted of murder, Beausoleil has faced many parole denials, but there are discussions about his potential release based on recommendations from the parole board.
Bruce Davis: Davis was convicted for his part in the murders but has also faced numerous denials for parole. His recent appearances in media have led to postponed hearings.
Steven Grogan: He was involved in the murder of Donald "Shorty" Shea and was one of the first Manson family members to be released on parole in 1985.
Ruth Ann Moorehouse: Although she was not directly involved in any murders, she attempted to harm a witness. After fleeing and later being apprehended, she was released by a judge. Last reported, she was living with her family in the Midwest.
This complex history raises questions about manipulation and the consequences of following a charismatic leader. The legacy of the Manson family continues to intrigue and provoke discussions about crime and loyalty.
