LONDON — Two of London’s historic markets, known for their fish and meat sales, are on the verge of closure, marking the end of traditions that have lasted for centuries. The City of London Corporation, which oversees the vibrant center of the capital, is preparing to introduce a bill to Parliament that will end its management of the Billingsgate fish market and the Smithfield meat market, both of which can trace their origins back to the 11th century.
In a reflective decision, the corporation recently opted not to move these markets to a new development planned for Dagenham, just east of London. This move was reconsidered due to rising costs linked to inflation and increased construction expenses, which are now expected to be about £1 billion ($1.25 billion).
Instead, the City will provide financial support and guidance to market traders, who will be given until at least 2028 to determine their next steps. Chris Hayward, the policy chairman of the City of London Corporation, stated that this decision opens a new chapter for the markets, empowering traders to pursue their long-term business objectives in a manner that allows for greater independence.
Traders will now explore options for relocating their businesses within London, either individually or in groups. While their new locations will be modern and updated, they will inevitably lack the sense of tradition that has come to define places like Smithfield and Billingsgate.
At Smithfield, for instance, traders typically start their work at 10 p.m., supplying predominantly to restaurants until the early morning. Pubs in the area have historically held special licenses to cater to these overnight workers, creating a unique community atmosphere.
The rich history of the Billingsgate fish market goes back to the early 11th century, a time predating William the Conqueror’s reign. Smithfield emerged shortly after as a primary site for livestock trading. Over the years, these markets have become integral to London’s cultural landscape, despite often being associated with rowdy behavior and even violence, as noted by authors like Charles Dickens, who described them as places of “filth and mire.”
Today, thanks to improved food standards and renovations, these markets are far from their medieval origins. However, building renovations were once again at stake, as Smithfield’s Victorian buildings, which have undergone modifications and withstood a significant fire in 1958, need attention; Billingsgate has been situated in the redeveloped London Docklands since 1982, an area now bustling with activity and home to impressive skyscrapers.
Plans are underway to develop 4,000 new homes at the Billingsgate site while transforming Smithfield into a cultural hub, including the new London Museum. As these changes unfold, it’s clear that London continues to evolve, yet the loss of these historic markets serves as a poignant reminder of a cherished past.
